Clonal variations in populations of local grape varieties asgeri, gara kishmishi and sultany kishmishi

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The article tells of biomorphological, economical-technological specifications of protoclones (essential clones, or maternal plants), essentially chosen in populations of Azerbaijani local valuable grape varieties – Asgeri, Gara kishmishi and Sultany kishmishi, and their vegetative generations (clones). After selection of the plants in varieties` 46 populations and determination of stability of economically important features, it is necessary from the economical and selective points of view to define the heredity of their vegetative generation. That`s why the hereditary transmission during multiplication in vegetative generation of positive features by which the clones were chosen has great experimenthal importance. Due to it`s importance, this topic has been standing in the spotlight during our researches, and vegetative heredity was studied by different methods. The number of brunches of the clonal form of Acgeri variety made 22-32, weight of the bunches - 268,0-468,6 g, weight of 100 berries - 178-230 g, sugar content of the berries - 20,3-22,8 g/100 sm3 , indice of shoots` productivity - 35,0-56,8 g x sugar, productivity of the plant - 7,2-11,5 kg. Comparing with the control, in clonal forms the increase of mean productivity made 20,0-91,7%, and was mathematically reliable (p<0,05 and p<0,001). In clonal forms of Gara kishmishi variety the number of bunches made 22-29, weight of the bunch - 216,4-432,6 g, weight of 100 berries - 206-204 g, sugar content of the berries - 18,8- 23,0 g/100 sm3, indice of shoots` productivity - 21,-57,4 g x sugar, productivity of the plant - 4,6-10,4 kg. Comparing the control, the increase of productivity in clonal forms made 42,6- 91,7%, and was mathematically reliable (p<0,05 and p<0,001). But concerning Gara kishmish, the one clonal form (17/1-14) didn`t show the stable productivity, yielding in this indicator to control. The number of bunches in clonal forms of Sultany kishmish variety made 18-29, weight of the bunches - 306,0-444,0 g, weight of 100 berries - 228-412 g, sugar content in the berries - 19,4-21,0 g/100 sm3 , indice of shoots` productivity - 29,6-43,0 g x sugar, productivity of the plant - 6,8-11,5 kg. The increase of productivity in clonal forms comparing the control made 23,6-109,1% and was mathematically reliable (p<0,05 and p<0,001).